OpenGeo Suite: Babban misali na GIS Software na tunanin ƙananan ƙa'idodin tsarin OSGeo

A yau, aƙalla a cikin yanayin geospatial, kowane ƙwararre tare da tunani mai tsaka-tsaki ya san cewa software ta asalin kyauta tana da girma kamar software na kasuwanci, kuma a wasu fannoni.

Tsarin dabarun yayi aiki sosai. Kodayake daidaituwar sabuntawa ta fuskar kuzarin da juyin halittar kere kere ke bukata abin tambaya ne, watakila shi ne abin da ya aza harsashin tabbatar da nasara a wasu kokarin kamar al'umma, tsarin falsafa, tattalin arziki da sauran ra'ayoyin da aka yi amfani da su wajen tabbatar da samfurin, waxanda a qarshe ma suka zama dole.

Koyaya, siyar da mafita ta Open Source bashi da sauki a cikin kasuwanci ko mahalli na gwamnati, saboda dalilai da yawa waɗanda suka samo asali daga gasa amma kuma azaman sakamakon da ba makawa na raunin samfurin, wanda dole ne ya haɓaka kuma ya kasance tare da software na mallaka. Masu yanke shawara suna yiwa kansu tambayoyi kamar:

• Idan wata safiya matsala ta bayyana sakamakon sabuntawa daga wasu dandamali, a fannoni irin su tsaro, wa zai ba da amsa lokacin da muke buƙatar tallafi, kuma a wane farashi za mu barshi?

• Idan aka ba da dama na madadin a cikin yare, ɗakunan karatu, mafita ga abokin ciniki, hanyoyin magance yanar gizo, waɗanne haɗuwa za mu zaɓa don tabbatar da daidaito? kusan total?

OpenGeo Suite bayani ne wanda ba kawai yana amfani da duk ƙwarewar samfuran kayan aikin ba, amma kuma yana nufin amsawa ga waɗancan raunin samfurin. Baya ga baiwa al'umma mafita wacce zasu inganta ayyukanta na ci gaba, hakan ya samar da zare guda daya ga abubuwanda aka hada don jagorantar juyin halittarsu kuma, ga kamfanoni, OpenGeo Suite yana bayar da mahimmancin da ake buƙata don yanke hukunci akan tushen buɗewa. Kodayake akwai wasu kamfanoni, bayan wani lokaci na gwada wannan madadin ba ni da wani zaɓi sai dai don gane da ƙarfi da ƙirar masu tunani a bayan Boundless, kamfanin da ya ƙirƙira wannan maganin.

Bari mu ga wasu daga abin da OpenGeo Suite ya nuna:

Waɗanne kayan aikin OpenGeo Suite ne ya haɗa?

Samun zaɓuɓɓukan mafita da yawa bashi da kyau, al'ada ce, kodayake yana ɗan rikitar da yadda za a tabbatar da zaɓin kayan aikin cikin hanyoyin samar da kayan haɗin kai. Zaɓin da ba daidai ba na iya zama mai tsada idan muka fahimci lokacin da muka riga muka saka hannun jari a cikin bincike, ci gaba, horo da sama da duk lokacin da ba za a iya dawo da shi ba.

Misali, kawai dangane da yaren ci gaba muna da wuyar warwarewa sakamakon bukatun al'umma, da yawa daga cikinsu suna yin daidai, wasu suna kwaikwayon wani dandano, wasu suna da halaye na musamman a cikin ayyukan yau da kullun waɗanda muke so mu samu dukkansu. Bari mu ga wannan rabuwar ta hanyar aiki da harsuna; kodayake dole ne in kasance mai gaskiya, rarrabuwa baya kebanta ba kuma a wasu lokuta yana da wahala a rarrabe kan iyaka:

• A matakin kwastomomi, wanda shine mafi shaharar mahallin, sune: QGis, Grass, ILWIS, SAGA, Kapaware, gwargwadon C ++. gvSIG, Jump, uDIG, Kosmo, LocalGIS, GeoPista, SEXTANTE, dangane da Java. MapWindow don ɓangarensa akan ActiveX bisa .NET.
• A dakunan karatu muna da: GDAL, OGR, PROJ4, FDO, GEOS akan C ++. Java-based GeoTools, WKB4J, JTS, Baltic. NTS, GeoTools.NET, SharpMap akan .NET.
• Game da mafita ta yanar gizo, waɗanda ke da matukar farin jini a yau: MapServer, MapGuide OS akan C ++; GeoServer, Degree, Geonetwork akan Java. OpenLayers, Bayani da Ka-Taswira a cikin Javascript, taswirar kifi a Python, MapBender a cikin PHP / Javascript.
• Amma game da tushen bayanan, Postgres shine madafun ikon da ba'a tantance ba, kodayake akwai sauran hanyoyin magancewa.

Abinda ke sama yana nuna mana cewa abu ne mai yiyuwa hawa tsarin a kusan kowane yanayi. Bugu da ƙari, yawancin su, kodayake an haife su ne cikin yare ɗaya, yanzu suna tallafawa wasu. Yawancinsu an haife su ne a matsayin abokan ciniki amma suna da ikon sarrafa bayanan yanar gizo kuma a cikin yanayi kamar Open Layer hakan ma yana yiwuwa a ci gaba a cikin yanayin yanar gizo kusan duk abin da ake yi a cikin kayan aikin abokin ciniki.

Wane haɗin software ne kyauta don amfani?

OpenGeo babban taron ne ya yanke hukunci Qis A matsayinka na abokin cinikin tebur, tuni ka cancanci rukunin labarai akan Geofumadas zuwa yanzu. Don yanar gizo, sun zaɓi GeoServer a matsayin sabar data wanda ke aiki a kan Tomcat, Jetty azaman yanayin tafiyar Java, GeoWebCache don tessellation da OpenLayers a matsayin ɗakin karatu, kodayake wannan zaɓin na ƙarshe bashi da rajistar da ake buƙata, la'akari da mafita kamar asan littafin da yake girma tare da babban nasara, musamman saboda ƙirar ta. dangane da Plugins da damar sa tare da aikace-aikacen hannu. Duba cewa zasu iya tafiya don layi guda amma zan so in ga matrix ɗin nazarin da ya kai su ga wannan ma'anar.

Bari mu zama a sarari, kowa na iya aiwatar da waɗannan mafita daban-daban. Abin da OpenGeo ya ƙunsa shine mai sakawa tare da sigar waɗannan abubuwan haɗin tare da haɓakawa don yin al'amuran yau da kullun masu sauƙi; misali:

• Mai sakawa yana sanya taro mai kyau. Samun damar zaɓar waɗanne abubuwan haɗin da za a girka, cire ko cirewa. Ga waɗanda suka yi ma'amala da injin aiki na Java tare da farin ciki Kuskuren 503 za su san amfanin.
• Akwai daban-daban installers: for Windows, Mac OS X, CentOS / RHEL, Fedora, Ubuntu, da Sabis ɗin Aikace-aikace.  
• Sigar ta kwanan nan 4.02 ta kawo PostgreSQL 9.3.1, PostGIS 2.1.1, GeoTools 10, GeoServer 2.4.3 da GeoWebCache 1.5; kuma yana tallafawa OpenLayers 3.
• An ƙirƙiri hanyoyin haɗin kai tsaye a cikin menu na fara don dakatarwa ko fara GeoServer da Postgres; Hakanan don tayar da masarrafar mai amfani don loda bayanan fasalin fasali zuwa Postgres (shp2psql) sannan kuma don samun damar yin amfani da gidan yanar gizo na PostGis (PgAdmin).
• Hakanan a cikin menu na farawa akwai samun damar localhost, wanda a cikin wannan sigar ya kawar da ƙirar abokin ciniki na sigar 3, tare da kwamiti mai kulawa mai tsafta zuwa sabis na GeoServer, GeoWebCache da sabis na GeoExplorer.
• Wannan samfurin, GeoExplorer ci gaba ne mai ban sha'awa na Boundles wanda ya dogara da GeExt wanda ke aiki azaman mai kallon bayanai don GeoServer, yana ba da damar shigar da bayanai daga fayil na gida ko daga rumbun adana bayanai, kasancewar yana iya daidaita launi, kaurin layi, nuna gaskiya, lakabtawa, gami da dokoki da kuma adana kai tsaye zuwa fayil ɗin salon geoServer (sld). Babu wanda ke cikin hankalinsa da yake aiki da wannan da tsarkakakkiyar lamba kuma GeoExplorer shine kyakkyawan mafita -kodayake yana yin ƙarin abubuwa-.

• Sigar shigarwa ta GeoServer ta haɗa da hanyar haɗi zuwa shigo da bayanai, da iya ƙirƙirar tushe daga matakan fasalin gida, gami da PostGis wanda za a iya matsar da bayanai daga tushe zuwa wani ya haɗa daga Localhost zuwa sabis ɗin da aka shirya; Yana da ban sha'awa cewa wannan ɗora bayanan yana warware matsalolin OGR2OGR wanda, sai dai idan an gama su da layin na'ura mai kwakwalwa, jefa matsaloli yayin loda wani rukunin multipolygon, tunda tsoho yana da sauƙin polygon.
• A wannan yanayin, ayyukan WPS sun bayyana saboda a cikin zaɓi don shigarwa Na yanke shawarar haɗa su.
• GeoServer Add-ons kamar su CSS Styling, CSW, Cloustering da tallafi ga ɗakunan karatu na hoto na GDAL za a iya ƙara su a lokacin shigarwa. Hakanan akwai -ara don PostGIS wanda ke tallafawa gizagizai masu ma'ana akan rumbun adana bayanan kuma azaman shigar da GDAL / OGR abokin ciniki. Ga masu haɓakawa akwai zaɓi don girka Webapp SDK da GeoScript.
• Ba kamar sigar da aka shirya ta a kan sabar ba, na ga cewa akwai wasu hanyoyin da za a iya samun bayanai, wadanda tabbas za a iya kara su amma a yanayin fasalin da ya zo da OpenGeo Suite, ya zo tare da rubutu mai waka-da-hankali, H2, H2 JNDI, SQL Server, OGR, Oracle da dunkulawar damar yiwuwa a asalin raster.

Me game da Qgis?

• Mafi kyawu, don Qgis sun ƙirƙiri babban abu mai suna OpenGeo mai bincike wanda zaku iya ma'amala dashi tare da bayanan Postgres da kuma GeoServer. Daga nan zaka iya shirya slds, matsar da yadudduka, kungiyoyin rukuni, shirya sunaye, goge, duba wuraren aiki, layukan da aka adana, da sauransu
• Idan an cire Layer, an cire sld; Duk wannan yana da daidaituwa kuma a ƙarshe ya sami aiki daga abokin ciniki wanda ke sarrafa abin da ke sama, cewa haɗin aiki na iya kasancewa ta amfani da REST API.
• A yanzu, abin da ba shi da shi shine shp2psql amma ba abin mamaki ba ni cewa daga nan sun haɗa shi cikin wancan kwamiti ɗin, watakila kamar yadda aka bayyana a matsayin Spit plugin wanda ba sabanin UI yana adana haɗin yanar gizon ba, zai iya shigar da yadudduka da yawa a toshe, sandar ci gaba ya fi haka Hakikanin gaskiya kuma mafi fahimta sakonnin kuskure.

Da wannan OpenGeo Suite ba yana cewa wannan girkin sihiri bane. Amma tabbas zai motsa da yawa daga cikin al'umma zuwa wannan fifikon, musamman tunda kamfanonin da ke siyar da kwasa-kwasan za su fi son koyar da wannan hanyar da ke ba da tabbacin gajeriyar hanyar karatu.

Haɗin yana dace da wasu kayan aikin da za a iya saka a kan uwar garke.

Mene ne tasiri tare da OpenGeo Suite?

Za mu ga irin tasirin da wannan ke da shi ga al'umma, domin a bayan Boundless akwai mutanen da ke da ƙwarewa sosai a fagen, waɗanda suka shiga cikin haɓaka kayan aiki da dakunan karatu waɗanda yanzu ke sa ɓangaren ya ci gaba. Amma sama da duka tare da horo a cikin kasuwanci da tallata sabis, wanda galibi ana ɓata shi daga matakin fasaha. Don ambaci akalla shida:

• Eddie Pickle da Ken Bossung, waɗanda suka kafa IONIC, kamfani ne wanda ya sayi ERDAS akan 2007 kuma yanzu Leica ta mallaka.

• Andreas Hocevar da Bart van den Eijnden, wadanda aka haifa a ci gaba da OpenLayers 2 da GeoExt.

• Victor Olaya, wanda ya bar mana wannan gado na SEXTANTE,

• Paul Ramsey, na farko masu gabatarwa na PostGIS.

Sauran tasiri mai tasiri shi ne kan tsarin manyan kamfanoni, cewa a waje da zama dan kasuwa a kasuwar - wanda ke da haɗari, yana bayar da tsari ga gasar da kamfanoni a kamfanoni masu zaman kansu a wasu fannoni kamar goyon baya, tabbatarwa, tsaro da inganci mai kyau a kan ci gaban.

Sabis-sabis da Boundless ke bayarwa, tun daga ƙaurawar dandamali zuwa sabis na tallafi na shekara-shekara, suna da alama a gare mu daidai da kasuwancin da kasuwannin hukumomi waɗanda da ɗan kaɗan ke fahimtar bambanci tsakanin samun goyon baya na gari da tallafin kasuwanci. Wannan kasuwa bai kamata ya zama mai sauƙi ba, amma muna gani da kyawawan idanu yadda cibiyoyi suka girma cikin tunani, ƙimanta ci gaban software da bayanai a matsayin kadara, don haka suka sami nasarar barin aikin sanya injiniyoyin mota ga matukan motar su, zuwa ɗaukar inshora da sabis na musamman na kamfanonin rarrabawa.

A cikin samfurin buɗe tushen, akwai dama ga kowa. Don haka abin da Boundless ke bayarwa yana nan, tare da damar zuwa zama abokin tarayya; fiye da ikon waɗanda suke son haɓaka ikon su na siyar da sabis ta fuskar aiwatarwa, horo, tallafi ko ci gaba. Misalin yana da mahimmanci a gare mu kuma yana da kyawawan darussa don koyo da haɓaka ƙoƙarin da Gidauniyar gvSIG ta aiwatar ta wata hanyar, wanda zamuyi magana akansa a wani lokaci.

Sauke OpenGeo Suite.