Gina UTM zone raga tare da Excel, kuma AutoCAD.

Kira da shi abin da, index ko maps cartographic quadrants, godeic grid, lokacin da ake buƙatar suna ba damuwa. Yin wannan a cikin shirin GIS ya zama mai sauƙi, amma a ce abin da muke da shi AutoCAD ne.

A 'yan kwanaki da suka wuce ya yi ta bayyana asalin taswirar cadrícula, da ma'anar UTM tsarawa; zai yi amfani da wannan yanki 16 matsayin misali, amma shi ya shafi sauran, cikin tsakiyar axis na tsiri ne kawai line cewa shi ne gaba daya a tsaye da kuma daidai ne a cikin wannan tsara = 300,000.

Wannan tsiri yana da digiri 6, kuma idan muka ga yana fadada daga sandar arewa zuwa mahaɗiyar, inda latitude ba kome; sannan zuwa ga sandar kudu ya ragu, kuma latitude iri daya ne amma a kishiyar hemisphere. To yadda za'a gina shi

1. Bari mu gina haɗin kai tare da Excel

Domin wannan, mun yi amfani da kayan aiki kawai mu yi a baya amfani don juyawa haɗin gwargwadon wuri zuwa UTM, zan zaɓa WGS84 spheroid, sa'an nan kuma na sanya latitudes da tsawo na sha'awa:

latitudes: Daga mahaɗar zuwa arewa, kowane ɓangaren maganadisu yana da digiri 8 har zuwa harafin w, kawai x yana da digiri 12, don haka daga N zuwa W muna da 9 × 8 = 72, ƙari 12 da muka samu a digiri 84, a arewacin duniya. Yin shi game da kudancin duniya zai zama daidai ɗaya, amma maimakon N zai ɗauki S. GoogleEarth baya nuna sauran don kauce wa matsalar cewa wannan ɓangaren zai buƙaci lissafi mara iyaka. A wannan yanayin zamu gina shi zuwa kashi W.

Don gina shi a Excel da muke da wadannan tebur:
 

A tsawo. Idan muka lura sosai, don gina layin hagu kawai yana buƙatar iyakar iyaka tsakanin yankuna 15 da 16 (digiri 90). Don gina iyakar da ta dace, tebur yana haifar da matsala a gare ni saboda lokacin shigar da longitude 84, yana kirga daidaito iri ɗaya amma a shiyya ta 17, don haka zan yi amfani da digiri 84, mintina sifiri da sakan 0.00000001, don haka ƙimar koyaushe tana faɗuwa a yankin 16 kuma tunda daidaiton wurare goma ne babu asarar data.

2. Zana maki tare da AutoCAD

Don zana shi a cikin AutoCAD, yana da sauki, shafi na R yana da ƙaddamarwa don yin copypaste. Don haka ana kwafin abun cikin wannan shafi a cikin Excel, sannan a AutoCAD, muna kunna umarnin aya (zana / aya ​​/ aya ​​mai yawa) kuma sanya manna akan layin umarni. Nan da nan muke zana abubuwan wannan raga.

Idan ba ka gani, canja format format / style batu da kuma barin wani 5% a kan allo.

A mataki na gaba zai zama su kusantar da Lines a haɗa wannan raga, amma bari mu yi kokarin yi shi ta hanyar hada Excel, kuma AutoCAD, kamar yadda idan raga sun denser segments zai yi yawa da maki yi.

3. Gina layin a tsaye.

Don yin wannan ka yi wannan abu ya yi maki, kawai maimakon yin amfani da umurnin line amfani da umurnin aya; da kuma shirya, kawai share sauran line.

Lalle ne abin da za a iya yi kawai ta jawo, amma ka tuna cewa wannan raga ne kawai 8 digiri segments lokacin densest meshes yi sami mai amfani.

4. Gina a kwance Lines.

Don yin layi na kwance kawai kuna buƙatar sanya daidaitattun iyakar hagu a cikin shafi kuma zuwa dama wannan haɗin haɗin ƙimar dama. Kuna yin wannan mafi kyau a wani shafi tare da kwafa da liƙa na musamman, ƙididdigar ƙimomin, don haka ba ku da matsala game da kwafin dabaru, ya kamata ya zama kamar hoton da aka nuna.

Abu na gaba shine don zaɓin abun ciki na ginshiƙai guda biyu, sannan a AutoCAD dole ka kwafi, a cikin AutoCAD ka yi layi da layi.

da kuma shirya, kawai share da ragi.

Nace, saboda da yawa wannan hanyar zata zama kamar ba dole ba, amma idan kayi mitsitsi zai zama mai amfani sosai saboda share rarar zai zama da sauki saboda za'a samu dogayen layuka wadanda za'a iya zabar su kuma kawar dasu. Don haka na bar wa kerawar ku yadda zaku yi amfani da wannan hanyar don gina cikakkiyar raga a sikeli mabanbanta.

A fili yake cewa abin da na yi ba wani georeferenced Grid, domin cewa ya aikata ba AutoCAD, abin da nake da shi shine raga tare da haɗin UTM wanda yayi daidai da yanayin latitude da longitude. Don haɓaka shi, ya kamata a yi shi ArcGIS, Cadcorp, Map3D, da yawa, Microstation Goegraphics ko kowane aikace-aikacen zane mai kama da waɗannan. Amma za mu ga wani lokaci, kamar yadda dole ne mu tuna cewa raka'a ...