Yin ƙaura zuwa dandamalin Geospatial shekaru 10 daga baya - Microstation Geographics - Oracle Spatial

Wannan shi ne na kowa kalubale ga dama Cadastre da Cartography ayyukan, wanda a 2000-2010 Microstation Geographics hadedde lokaci kamar yadda na sarari data engine, la'akari da dalilai kamar haka:

• Gudanar da tsarin gyaran fuska ya kasance kuma ya ci gaba da kasancewa mai mahimmanci, don ayyukan aikin cadastral.
• DGN wata hanya ce mai kyau, la'akari da fasalinsa a cikin wannan fayil ɗin, wanda bai canza ba a cikin shekaru 15, akasin wasu samfurori da muka ga yawancin sababbin nau'i a cikin shekaru uku.
• A cikin 2002, software na kyauta shine mafarki mai nisa daga abin da muke da shi a yau.
• Dokokin OGC ba su yi la'akari ko da a kan software marar amfani ba.
• Fayil na shp suna iyakance ga ayyuka masu girma da kuma wuraren basirar sararin samaniya har yanzu an rufe su zuwa tsarin da ba a daidaita ba wanda ya sabunta aikin da sabobin ... da azurfa.
• Haɗin haɗi mai nisa yana da haɗari idan aka kwatanta da abin da muke da shi yanzu.

Don haka, aiwatar da GIS bisa ga tsarin "haɗin CAD" ya kasance kyakkyawan mafita, duk da sadaukar da amfani don dalilai masu kyau. API na VBA ya wadatar don gudanar da ayyukan gudanarwar ma'amala wanda ya haɗa da ProjectWise don sarrafa fayiloli na zahiri da yiwuwar amfani da GeoWeb Publisher don nazarin sararin samaniya daga uwar garken, kodayake littafin ya iyakance ga ActiveX a cikin Internet Explorer (wanda a waccan shekarar shine mai bincike guda ɗaya).

Matsalar ba ta samo asali a hankali ba kuma maimakon motsawa zuwa Sabis ɗin Geospatial ko mafi ƙarancin juzu'i na ProjectWise, yana son yin GIS ya tsira daga fayilolin zahiri, yana da duk damar lasisin Oracle Spatial da ikon haɓaka. Don haka wannan shine kalubalenmu.

1. Database: Postgres, SQL Server ko Oracle?

Musamman, da na fi son na farko. Amma lokacin da kake gaban tsarin ma'amala ba mai dacewa da sabis ba amma yana aiki da kyau, wanda wani ɓangare na hankali da mutunci kamar PL yake a cikin bayanan, canjin zuwa tushen OpenSoure ba gaggawa bane. A'a, sai dai idan burin ku shine haɓaka sabon tsarin tsarin wanda babu shi a cikin gajeren lokaci.

Hakanan ba batun yin aikin Taliban don raina duk abin da ke warin sirri ba. Don haka zama tare da Oracle shawara ce mai kyau, idan tana aiki sosai, idan ya kasance mai girma da buƙata, idan an tsara shi da kyau, an kiyaye shi kuma idan ana karɓar tallafi. Jigo don wani lokaci.

Don haka abin da aka rage shi ne don samar da ayyuka don bayanan da za a yi gudun hijirar zuwa wannan tushe, ayyuka na tallace-tallace da kayan aikin sarrafa kayan aiki na kasuwanci.

Don sarrafa matsayin da masu amfani, waɗanda aka gudanar da su daga ProjectWise, an tsara kayan aiki na musamman wanda ya yarda:

• Sarrafa masu amfani da matsayi daga BentleyMap VBA.
• Sanya daga mai amfani tare da hakkokin gwamnati, dama ga yankuna da kuma yankunan gari.
• Ba da izini ga fayil din digastral a kowace aikin.
• Hakkin kayan aikin da ake dasu a cikin Gine-gine, bugu, bugu, shawarwari da tsarin gudanarwa. Ta wannan hanyar, sabbin aikace-aikace ne kawai ake kirkira kuma suna bayyana ga masu amfani gwargwadon rawar su ko takamaiman aikinsu.
• Wannan login panel ma simplifies da wuya daga cikin BentleyMap kowa ayyukan, irin wannan cewa ku kawai shigar da category itãciya, kuma halayen tsare a cikin Geospatial Administrator bayyana.

Panelungiyar wannan tana warware rashin fahimta da haɗarin masu amfani sabo da fasali kamar Interoperability na Data. Wanne ne maɗaukaki, saboda Bentley yana gyara asali a cikin Oracle Spatial, abin ban mamaki ne amma kuma yana da haɗari idan baku da ikon ma'amala.

Saboda haka, alal misali, Shirin Ginin yana da kayan aiki masu zuwa:

• Sanya Hanya
• Mataimakin Lissafi na Geographic
• Ƙungiyar Sararin Ƙaura
• Share abubuwa
• Shirya polygons
• Fitarwa Shp / CAD
• Shigar da Shp / CAD
• Geoline hijirarsa
• Hijira Geopunto
• Magance-tafiye na Ƙaura
• Rubuta taswira
• Jirgin Geo-Line
• Jirgin Geo-Point
• Link Geo-Yanki

Ana kara kayan aiki tare da hankali, ciki har da wasu don gyara Mai Gudanarwa na Gidan Gida.

• Gudanarwa don duba fasali
• Topological Analysis
• Tambaya SAFT
• Nuna Shafuka
• Sakamakon Juyawa zuwa LineString
• Ƙirƙira Hannu
• Ƙirƙiri kaddarorin
• DBConnect sanyi
• DBConnect Query
• Shirya yanayin Xfm
• Shirya aikin Xfm
• Cire Ayyukan XM
• Bayanin ajiya
• Gyara daidaito
• Sanya fasali
• Ginawa ta hanyar azuzuwan
• Ƙaddamarwa
• Tsara ta jerin rushewa
• Xfm Utilities

2. Bayanai: Shige da fice daga DGN zuwa Tashar Gida: Oracle Buider ko Bentley Map?

Babban kalubale mai ban sha'awa a wannan shine, cewa ana buƙatar tafiyarwa mai sarrafawa, kuma, la'akari da cewa fayilolin DGN sun sake sabuntawa fiye da shekaru 10 zasu iya samun matsalolin topology - haukacin gaskiya -.

Lalle ne ya kasance. Babban matsalolin taswirorin suna nan:

• Sauya wani makirci a kan iyakar fayil (bangaren ko sashi) yana nuna cewa dole ne a gyara dukansu, ciki har da daidaituwa na nodes a lokuta irin su lokacin a wani bangare guda ɗaya ne amma a maƙwabcin da aka raba wannan layi.
• Akwai fayilolin da za a iya ɓata bayanan 300 da aka ajiye a cikin tarihin DGN.
• Akwai matsaloli masu rikitarwa wanda baza a iya sarrafa su ba a cikin majalisar, kamar su idan dukiyar ta haɗu da wani makwabcin a cikin wani fayil, saboda yawancin da ba za a iya warware su a kan taswirar ba, tun da yake yana nufin ɗaukar dubawa don kauce wa shafi na uku.
• Ayyuka marasa kyau, kamar hada da tashoshi a cikin daban-daban, a cikin wannan yanayin akwai sassan NAD27, kodayake misali shine WGS84. A cikin matsanancin hali, an yi gyare-gyaren tsakanin bayanai daga tsinkayen daban-daban, ga masu ɓata.

Maganar ita ce na'urar kayan aiki na Wizzard don gudun hijirar taro, wanda zai iya ƙaura taswirar ɗayan kai-da-wane, da yawa ko ma duk wani gari.

Abin da kayan aiki ke ɗaukar bayanan aikin Geographics da kuma inganta su zuwa fasalulluka na Benltey Map, sannan kuma ya sanya jerin abubuwan da suka dace, kamar:

• Daya zuwa ɗaya dangantaka tsakanin lissafi da kuma database,
• Tabbatar da rashin duplicates,
• Tabbatar da yankin-centroid daidaito,
• Tabbatar da taswirar taswira game da abubuwa marasa aiki a cikin bayanai,
• Tabbatar da juna game da abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin asali

Bayan bayanan, tabbacin yana ba da damar ƙara bayani a hanya mai mahimmanci, kamar hanya mai auna da daidaitattun ka'idar wannan bayanin.

A ƙarshe, yana aikawa zuwa maɓallin bayanan, a ƙarshe yana samar da rahoto. Daga faɗi gaskiya akwai faɗi mai faɗi, amma a ƙarshe ya daidaita zuwa ƙirar Oracle Spatial waɗanda har yanzu ana kai-kawo kamar na Bentley da kuma hanyar da suke ganin hadaddun kaddarorin ko kuma manyan wurare.

3. Bugawa: Geoserver ko MapServer? OpenLayers ko Bayani?

An gina mai kallo ta amfani da OpenLayers da wasu abubuwan talla. A karo na farko bayan shekaru 10 na rashin kula da ci gaban ɓangaren sararin samaniya, an ga sabon mai kallo wanda ya maye gurbin ActiveX na GeoWeb Publisher. An yi amfani da lambar MapFish don bugawa, geojson don sarrafa bishiyar gefen, daga Geoserver aka ba da layukan da aka yi amfani da su daga OracleSpatial.

A ƙarshe, an maye gurbin fasahar da aka yi bisa ga zane-zane. Kamar yadda kake gani, haɗin haɗin kyauta kyauta, rike da bayanai da gudanar da ƙasa ta hanyar amfani da software mai mallakar.

4. Gina da shiryawa, kai tsaye zuwa Oracle Spatial. Taswirar Bentley ko QGIS?

Wannan wani labarin ne. Bentley Taswirar ƙasa ta asali bisa tsarin sararin samaniya, wanda ke haifar da rikice-rikice idan ba zai yi aiki tare da Sabis ɗin Yanayin Yanar gizo na Transactional ba (WFS) Rikicin shine:

Yadda za a warware wata doka ta ba da izinin topology, idan an gyara shi kuma a lokacin da yake buƙatar aika rahoto cewa abu yana shafar kansa?

Ana warware wannan ta hanyar gyarawa kafin yin gyare-gyaren kai tsaye da kuma tabbatar da cewa lokacin da aka aika, idan wani abu ya ɓace samfurin ya dawo da barin ma'amalar da aka gama amma a cikin kasa ta kasa.

Wani matsala da za a warware shi ne babban shigarwar bayanai, la'akari da cewa masu amfani sun dakatar da yin amfani da Geographics kuma suna da ayyuka da yawa da suka bunkasa cadastre.

Wannan abu ne mai sauki saboda kawai ya yi kama da kayan aiki da ya hade da bayanai a Microstation Geographics, gudanarwa da yuwuwar na BentleyMap kuma a mafi sarrafawa mataimaki.

Hoton yana nuna yadda aka kirkiro wannan kayan aiki, tare da wasu abubuwan da suka dace, irin su halitta da rajistar kayan aiki da kuma hada da Dot Spot, a matsayin aiki mai kyau idan ma'anar ƙididdigar wasu na'urori ba ta haɗu da wani misali na musamman ba.

Tabbas wannan kwararar tayi kyau sosai, saboda masu amfani sun san waɗanne kayan aikin da suke amfani dasu akai-akai. Ya zama dole a sanya su canza tunaninsu tsakanin motsawa daga fasali da yawa zuwa gudanarwa ta matakai, inganta sabbin fa'idodi ta yadda zasu manta da tsohuwar Microstation V8 2004, kamar sabis ɗin WMS, nuna gaskiya da ƙwarewar asali na fayilolin DWG na sigar kwanan nan; ba tare da ambaton ma'amala tare da kml, shp da gml don mafi yawan astral.

Gwargwadon daidai an sanya kayan aikin don kiyayewa na cadastral, yana da zaɓi na gyare tsaye a cikin siffofi ko rage su zuwa ƙuƙwalwa don ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.

5. Abokan ciniki don ƙananan hukumomi ta hanyar GML. QGIS ko gvSIG?

QGIS. Amma wannan wani labarin ne da za a fada nan gaba.